With India’s senior population set to nearly double by 2050—meaning every fifth Indian will be aged 60 or above—the need for a robust retirement savings system has never been more urgent.
Yet, despite this looming demographic shift, just over 27% of India’s workforce currently benefits from mandatory pension schemes, leaving millions exposed to financial insecurity in their golden years.
Unlike in developed countries, where pension coverage is almost universal, most Indians still rely heavily on informal family support or personal savings, systems that are weakening amid rapid social and economic change.
The aging population, combined with the erosion of traditional safety nets, makes formal retirement planning critical to ensure dignity and financial stability after work.
Addressing this gap, a new whitepaper from the Association of Mutual Funds in India (AMFI) introduces the Mutual Fund-Voluntary Retirement Account (MF-VRA)—a voluntary pension scheme inspired by the successful US 401(k) model.
The MF-VRA proposes to harness India’s thriving mutual fund industry to create a simple, flexible, and professionally managed retirement savings vehicle that empowers individuals to build wealth steadily and retire confidently.
Its key features tailored for the average Indian worker include:
- Attractive tax benefits: Contributions are expected to qualify for tax deductions, giving immediate relief and encouraging disciplined savings.
- Seamless portability: Your account moves with you across jobs, ensuring uninterrupted retirement savings throughout your career.
- Expert fund management: Investments are handled by mutual funds specialising in “Retirement Lifecycle Funds” that automatically balance risk and returns as you approach retirement age.
- Potential for higher returns: By investing in equities and market-linked assets, the MF-VRA aims to beat inflation and build substantial wealth over time, something traditional fixed deposits or government schemes struggle to match.
The scheme will not just secure financial independence for retirees but also channel long-term capital into markets, fuelling economic growth. Moreover, it could ease the looming burden on government social security systems by encouraging private retirement savings.
With mutual funds rapidly expanding their reach beyond metros into smaller towns and rural areas, the MF-VRA could soon become the backbone of retirement planning for millions of Indians, the white paper suggests.